在1944年末，太平洋战争正走向残酷的高潮 In late 1944, the Pacific War is building to a brutal climax.
一座岛屿吞没了海军陆战队一个师 One island swallows an entire Marine regiment.
我们在贝利琉落入死亡陷阱 We were in a death trap on Peleliu.
另一个则成了勇士的灯塔 Another becomes a beacon of bravery.
硫磺岛是36天纯粹的地狱 Iwo Jima was 36 days of pure hell.
日本的战斗十分残暴 Japan fights with ferocity.
美国以火攻迎战 America fights with fire --
点燃了战争中最致命的一天 igniting the war's deadliest day.
东京仿佛从世界的板图上掉了下来 It was as though Tokyo had dropped through the floor of the world.
以罕见的私家影片… With rare home movies ...
和前线故事… and front line stories ...
聆听声音，感受战斗 hear the voices... and feel the fight.
当我们朝着那个地狱奔去的时候，我的心怦怦直跳 My heart pounded as we churned toward that inferno.
【全彩太平洋战争】 （六）火攻天降
我成了一个骄傲而斗志昂扬的精英团队的一员 I became part of a proud, high-spirited, elite outfit.
20岁的尤金·斯莱奇加入陆战队第一师 Twenty-year-old Eugene Sledge is just joining the 1st Marines
1944年，他们在太平洋训练 as they train in the Pacific in 1944.
这个师在瓜达尔卡纳尔岛和 格洛斯特角战役中损失惨重 The division was gutted in battles for Guadalcanal and Cape Gloucester.
他们有很多像斯莱奇这样的补充兵 They are full of replacements like Sledge.
85%的人还不到21岁 Eighty-five percent are not yet 21.
老兵教给替补队员们 The veterans taught the replacements
所有与无情的敌人战斗的细节 all the ins and outs of combat with a ruthless foe.
他们生活在南太平洋一个叫帕乌乌的热带岛屿上 They're on a tropical South Pacific island called Pavuvu.
听起来像是天堂 It sounds like paradise.
海军陆战队一师认为那是个地狱 The 1st Marines think it's a hellhole.
我们过着斯巴达式的生活 We led a Spartan existence.
热过的C型口粮和陈咖啡用来充饥 Warmed-over C-rations and stale coffee passed for chow.
由于空间太狭小，他们不得不绕着圈行进 Space is so tight they have to march in circles.
每次演习都是一场与虫子的斗争 Every drill is a battle with bugs.
有些人开玩笑说，他们将乐于重返战场 Some joke that they'll welcome a return to combat.
直到他们为下一场战斗做好准备 Until they're loading up for their next battle.
我们不是傻子，都吓得要死 We, not being fools, were all scared to death.
老兵是因为他们知道会发生什么 The veterans, because they knew what to expect.
新来的是因为不知道 The new men, because we didn't.
1944年9月15日
我虚弱地挂在履带船的一侧 I hung weakly to the side of the tractor
祈祷我会尽我的职责，并活下来 and prayed that I would do my duty, survive,
而且不弄湿裤子 and not wet my pants.
斯莱奇离他的第一场战斗越来越近了 Sledge inches closer to his first combat.
眼前的景象纯粹是地狱 The scene before him is pure hell.
海滩上一片火海 The beach was a sheet of flame
后面是一堵巨大的黑烟墙 backed by a huge wall of black smoke,
仿佛这座岛着火了 as though the island was on fire.
海滩上充斥着扭曲的金属和鲜血的闷烧 The beach is already smoldering with twisted metal and blood.
当我们朝着那个地狱奔去的时候，我的心怦怦直跳 My heart pounded as we churned toward that inferno.
我们冒着炮弹爆炸到达海滩 We got to the beach amid erupting shell bursts
还有敌人机枪子弹打在登陆艇上的响声 and the rattle of enemy machine gun bullets against the steel Amtrac.
一小时内，伤亡人数过百 Within an hour, casualties number in the hundreds...
而前进以码为单位 ... while the advance is measured in yards.
海军陆战队一师正迎头痛击 The 1st Marines are taking it on the chin.
美军想要贝利琉，以防它干涉更大规模的进攻 Americans want Peleliu in case it interferes with a bigger invasion on the way --
菲律宾 the Philippines.
日本影片展示他们在1941年占领了美国的领土 Japanese film shows them overrunning the American territory in 1941,
控制了1600万菲律宾人和7000名美国战俘 taking control of 16 million Filipinos and 7,000 American POWs.
从那以后，陆军上将道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟 Ever since, Army General Douglas MacArthur
一直想把它夺回去 has been itching to take it back.
一有机会，他就重复他的口头禅： At every opportunity, he repeats his mantra:
“我会回来的” "I shall return."
他作出承诺，美国制定计划 He makes the promise; America makes the plan.
包括派遣海军陆战队占领贝利琉的小机场 It includes sending Marines to take the small airfield at Peleliu,
它可能会给军队进攻菲律宾带来麻烦 which could be a nuisance to the Army's Philippines offensive.
这对部队来说并不陌生 This isn't lost on the troops,
他们自称是“麦克阿瑟的海军陆战队” who dub themselves "MacArthur's Marines."
我们奉命占领机场 We were ordered to capture the airfield,
在酷热中小跑着行进 and we started across at a trot in the searing heat.
地面由于炮弹的震荡而摇晃 The ground rocked and swayed from shell concussions.
一连串的机枪的曳光弹从耳边划过 And streams of machine-gun tracers streaked past our ears.
几小时内，伤员就开始堆积起来 Within hours, the wounded start piling up.
日军正从这些崎岖的山峰上抛出他们的反击火力 The Japanese are lobbing their repelling fire from this craggy jumble of peaks.
海军陆战队一师称它为“血鼻岭” The 1st Marines nickname it "Bloody Nose Ridge."
正在靠近山脊的军官是纽约人乔治·哈格蒂 One of the officers approaching the ridge is New Yorker George Haggerty.
当我们连队进去时，有250人，包括6名军官 When my company went in we were 250 strong with six officers.
几天后我找到了我的指挥官，他说 A few days later I found my commander, and he said,
“现在军官只剩你和我了” "You and I are the only officers left."
“而我们只有大约20个人” And we only have about 20 men."
在只剩骨架的连队里 Down to a skeleton unit,
连长派了哈格蒂和其他6人 the commander sends Haggerty and six others
去找一个隐藏的日军阵地 to find a hidden Japanese emplacement
它已经给连队造成了很大伤亡 that already bloodied much of the company.
他说：“你到了那时发个信号，我们就上去” He said, "When you get there, signal to me and we'll come up."
我们沿着战场爬上去 We crawled our way up the field.
我们扔出去的一些手榴弹也被他们扔了回来 Some of the grenades we threw up, they threw back down at us.
哈格蒂靠得很近，足以向他的连长发增援信号 Haggerty gets close enough to signal his commander for reinforcements.
我们不停地发信号，但什么都没发生 We signaled and signaled, and nothing happened.
相反，我们自己的装甲车出现并向我们开火 Instead, our own armored LVTs came up and starting firing at us.
他们以为我们是日本人 They thought we were Japanese.
哈格蒂被敌方和友军的火力击伤，踉跄后退 Haggerty stumbles back with shrapnel wounds from enemy and friendly fire.
我回去找连长，想问他为什么没带增援来 I went back to look for my commander and ask him why he hadn't brought the reinforcements.
我发现他时，他两眼之间有个小洞 I found him with a little hole between his eyes
整个后脑勺都被炸飞了 and the whole back of his head blown off.
我们营的战争就这样结束了 That was the end of the war for my battalion.
我们的部队所剩无几 We didn't have any more troops left.
从空中看，贝利琉就像月球 From the air, Peleliu looks like the moon.
在地下有一个古老的采矿隧道网 Underneath, there's an old network of mining tunnels
日本人把它变成了自己的战线 that the Japanese transform into a front unto itself.
贝利琉从来没有前线 There never was a front line on Peleliu.
整个岛都是前线 The whole island was a front line.
日军无处不在，但却不见踪影 Japanese are everywhere, but nowhere to be seen.
美军最终只能盲目地向地面射击 Americans end up shooting blindly into the ground.
他们以为自己占了一座山头 They think they win a hill,
结果却闻见日本料理的味道从地下飘来 only to smell Japanese cooking wafting up from below ground.
地下迷宫太让人困惑了 The subterranean maze is so confounding
美军看到的任何洞口都炸塌… that the Americans resort to blasting shut any hole they see ...
不管是否认为里面有人 whether they think anyone's inside or not.
肃清机场用了血腥的两周 It takes two bloody weeks to secure the airfield,
他们不确定这是否是真正的威胁 and they're uncertain it was ever a real threat.
海军陆战队一师的总兵力下降了近60% The 1st Marines' overall strength is down by nearly 60 percent.
麦克阿瑟的海军陆战队正在迅速衰落 MacArthur's Marines are fading fast.
血鼻岭被包围，主机场已占领 With Bloody Nose Ridge surrounded and the main airfield secure,
美军转向了埃塞布斯岛上较小的机场 Americans turn to the smaller airfield on the islet of Ngesebus.
他们不知道岛屿间隔的浅礁上有什么 They don't know what lies across the shallow reef dividing the islands.
所以他们没有蹑手蹑脚 So they don't tiptoe.
他们集结了所有能调动的力量 They bring all the might they can muster.
教科书式的登陆没出问题 A textbook landing goes off without a problem.
但是——没有回报 But -- there's no payoff.
机场没有用处 The airfield is useless --
还有未完工的软沙跑道 with unfinished runways made of soft sand.
争夺贝利琉其余地方的战斗会一直拖下去 The battle for the rest of Peleliu will drag on.
但两个机场都已在掌握中 But with both airfields secure,
对菲律宾的进攻即将开始 the invasion of the Philippines is about to begin.
1944年10月20日
黎明前的轰击照亮了麦克阿瑟 Pre-dawn bombardment illuminates MacArthur
这一天他期待已久 on the day he's been waiting for.
登陆的编队现在已经过了周密的排练 The choreography of an invasion is now well-rehearsed.
但是每个人都知道菲律宾是不同的 But each man knows the Philippines are different.
岛屿的规模 The size of the islands.
1600万名平民 Sixteen million civilians.
上千的盟军俘虏 Thousands of Allied prisoners.
还有50万日本守军 And the half-million Japanese defenders
都在海岸线上升起的烟雾之后某个地方等待着 waiting somewhere behind the veil of smoke now rising from the coast.
美军首先在莱特岛登陆 Americans land first on Leyte,
希望在登陆吕宋和首都马尼拉之前拿下它 hoping to win it before invading Luzon and the capital of Manila.
与贝利琉不同，海滩没有重兵防守 Unlike Peleliu, the beach is not heavily defended.
下午，麦克阿瑟涉水上岸 By afternoon, MacArthur wades ashore.
随着新闻摄像机的拍摄 As the news cameras roll,
他没戴头盔就大摇大摆地走上了沙滩 he swaggers onto the sand without a helmet.
沙滩上虽然没有战斗 There may be no combat on the beach,
但也有一些黑色喜剧 but there is some dark comedy.
入侵的规模给供应链造成了压力 The scale of the invasion strains the supply chain.
第一天，有10.7吨上岸 On the first day, 107,000 tons come ashore.
但顺序不对 But not in the right order.
在匆忙卸货中，紧急物资被埋没在次要物资下面 In the rush to unload, urgent suppliesare buried under less important ones.
而且…现在还是雨季 And ... it's the rainy season.
约翰·汉纳上尉拍下了他的部队在泥泞中行进的私家画面 Captain John Hanna takes home movies of the muck his unit has to navigate.
又厚又滑 It's thick. Slick.
且难以摆脱 And inescapable.
不过水牛似乎并不介意 Though the water buffalo don't seem to mind.
回到船上，汉纳拍摄当地人划着独木舟接近 Back on his ship, Hanna films locals approaching in canoes.
他们正在美国船只的阴影下寻找避风港 They're looking for safe harbor in the shadows f American ships
这些船只现在已经遍布莱特海湾 that now blanket Leyte Gulf.
但这么多船聚集在一起，就成了不可抗拒的目标 But so many ships in one place make an irresistible target.
美国航空母舰为入侵提供了唯一的空中支援 American carriers provide the only air support for the invasion.
如果日本能切断这条救生索 If Japan can disable this lifeline,
他们就能在陆地上孤立美国人 they could isolate the Americans on land.
1944年10月23-26日
日本帝国海军决定进攻 The Imperial Japanese Navy decides to attack.
美国船只轰鸣着苏醒过来 American ships buzz to life.
莱特海湾战役将决定菲律宾的未来 The Battle of Leyte Gulf will decide the future of the Philippines.
海战通常可以归结为飞行员与飞行员之间的较量 Naval battles often boil down to pilot versus pilot.
在空中，美军继续占据主导地位 In the air, Americans continue to dominate.
当日本战斗机撤退的时候 As Japanese fighters fall away,
美军得到了一艘敌舰的清晰射角 an American gets a clear shot at an enemy ship.
他不会错过 He doesn't miss.
出于绝望，日本改变了策略 Out of desperation, Japan changes tactics.
他们的飞机俯冲靠近美国船只 Their planes dive closer to American ships.
隐藏在烟雾中，它穿过断断续续的防空火力 Hidden in the smoke, this one punches through staccato anti-aircraft fire,
飞得比任何人想象的都低 flying lower than anyone expects.
海军士兵查尔斯·里皮对他接下来看到的景象感到震惊 Navy man Charles Ripper is shocked at what he sees next.
一架日本飞机贴着水面朝我们飞来 Coming towards us was a Japanese plane, just skimming over the water.
我们跳起来寻找掩护 We jumped for cover.
这是一次自杀式攻击 It lands a suicidal blow.
是太平洋战争中第一次有组织的神风特攻队攻击 These are the first organized kamikaze attacks of the Pacific War.
但不会是最后一次 They will not be the last.
四天之内，美国损失了6艘战舰 Over four days, America loses six warships,
但日本损失了26艘 but Japan loses 26.
菲律宾周围的海域现在是美国水域 The seas around the Philippines are now American waters.
陆地战斗将是血腥的，马尼拉还在等待着 The ground war will be bloody, and Manila awaits.
但只有一方会得到空中和海上支援 But only one side will have air and sea support.
另一方将会慢慢窒息 The other will slowly choke.
回到贝利琉，陆战队一师必须完成他们未竟的事业 Back on Peleliu, the 1st Marines have to finish what they started.
他们用步枪发射手榴弹 They fire grenades with rifles.
扔土制的燃烧弹 They throw Molotov cocktails.
还部署了一种新型武器，名为海军1号火焰喷射器 And they deploy a new weapon called the Navy Mark One Flamethrower.
它能发射炙热的凝固汽油弹火束，射程达150码 It shoots a blazing laser of napalm up to 150 yards.
我们受限不能使用毒气 We were limited by not being able to use poison gas.
除此之外，几乎什么都用 Other than that, just about anything went.
美军也会从空中投掷凝固汽油弹 Americans also drop napalm from the air.
这种新策略在贝利琉岛首次大规模试验 It's a new tactic getting its first big tryout on Peleliu.
他们想烧死不见踪影的日本人 They hope to scorch Japanese they can't see.
它们贡献了强大的烟火 They provide powerful fireworks,
但对于日本的深层阵地几乎没有影响 but they have little effect on deep Japanese positions.
从远处杀死敌人是行不通的 Killing the enemy from a distance isn't working.
得使用近战 It's going to take close combat.
作为一等兵，你的敌人就在15英尺之内 As a private first class, your war lies within 15 feet of you.
有点像葛底斯堡 It's kinda like Gettysburg.
弗雷德·福克斯是隶属于陆站队一师的陆军步兵 Fred Fox is an Army infantryman Nattached to the 1st Marines.
他在二战中的整个作战生涯 His entire World War II combat career
就是在贝利琉岛度过的48小时——当时他18岁 is 48 hours on Peleliu -- at age 18.
我只参加了一场战斗 I was only in one battle.
但我在贝利琉打仗的那两天… But the two days that I fought at Peleliu...
是我生命中的重要印记 marked my life more than anything else.
这里的一次医疗救援被刻录了下来 Here, a medical evacuation gets burned into memory.
3人受伤倒地 Three lie wounded.
敌人的火力把两名医护兵压制在几码之外 Enemy fire pins down two corpsmen just yards away.
5个人命悬一线 Five lives hang in the balance.
千分之一秒，百分之一英寸 A thousandth of a second, a hundredth of an inch,
这就是我在生死之间的区别 and that's the difference between whether I was dead or not.
医务兵们吃力地抬着担架 The corpsmen struggle to carry the stretcher case.
另外两人拼着自己所剩无几的力量逃离 The other two combine whatever strength they have left to get themselves out.
当战争在贝利琉岛这个小舞台上演时 The scene is repeated over and over,
这个场景一遍又一遍地重复着 as the war plays out on the tiny stage of Peleliu.
你说这座岛大约有两英里宽 You're talking about an island that's about two miles wide,
能让11000日本人和28000美国人对决？ and you get maybe 11,000 Japanese and 28,000 Americans mad at each other?
陆战队一师被困在这个孤岛的笼子里 The 1st Marines are trapped on this cage of an island
它似乎要把他们全部吞下去 that seems determined to swallow them all.
有些人能预感自己什么时候会死 Some mention a premonition of when they're gonna die.
和我同在一个帐篷的中士 One sergeant in the tent with me,
经历了瓜达尔卡纳尔岛和新不列颠岛 been through Guadalcanal and New Britain.
到贝利琉时他说，“我不想去那里，我做不到” On Peleliu he said, "I don't want to go out there. I'm not gonna make this."
他确实没有 And he didn't.
他没撑过两分钟 He didn't make it two minutes.
在战争的第三个年头 In their third year of war,
在贝利琉的第6周 and sixth week on Peleliu,
陆战队一师没心情按规矩办事 the 1st Marines are in no mood to play by the rules.
我们从来不接受俘虏，即使有些人试图投降 We never took prisoners, even when some tried to give up.
我们经常向死者和伤者的头部开枪 We routinely shot both dead and wounded in the head,
以确保他们死透了 to make sure they were dead.
到了10月底，战事还没结束 By the end of October, it's still not over.
但对于陆战队一师却已经结束了 But it is for the 1st Marines.
几乎三分之一的士兵死伤 Almost a third of their men are dead or wounded.
麦克阿瑟的海军陆战队整装离开贝利琉，让陆军扫尾 MacArthur's Marines load up and leave Peleliu for the Army to finish.
又花了一个月 It will take another month.
贝利琉岛成为太平洋战争中一个持久的问号 Peleliu becomes one of the enduring question marks of the Pacific War.
1800人死亡 Eighteen hundred dead.
8000人受伤 Eight thousand wounded.
只为了一些也许根本算不上是威胁的破旧机场 All for some dusty airfields that may not have been a threat after all.
太多的美国年轻人被派往贝利琉 All too many young Americans were sent to Peleliu,
在他们的人生真正开始之前，就被遗忘 and into oblivion. Before they had ever really lived.
在向日本进军的过程中 In the march toward Japan,
美国似乎迷失在西南太平洋 America seems lost in the Southwest Pacific.
在中太平洋，道路更清晰—— In the Central Pacific, the path is more clear --
以大胆的长距离两栖攻击跳岛向日本跃进 island-hop toward Japan with daring and distant amphibious assaults.
美军已经推进到了马里亚纳群岛 Americans have advanced as far as the Mariana Islands.
塞班岛，关岛和天宁岛如今都已拿下 Saipan, Guam and Tinian are all recently captured,
任由美国的机械摆布 and at the mercy of American machinery.
他们正在为一架全新的飞机铺路 They are paving the way for a brand new aircraft --
B-29超级空中堡垒 the B-29 Superfortress.
但是从出厂到航线 But from the factory to the flight line,
它被各种问题困扰而延误交货 it's plagued with problems. Deliveries are delayed.
在堪萨斯，雷蒙德·哈洛伦的团队 In Kansas, Raymond Halloran's crew
一直在其他飞机上进行训练 has been training on other aircraft instead.
我们的B-29机组有11人 We had 11 people in our B-29 crew.
他们来自11个不同的州 They were from 11 different states.
这很美式风格 It was sort of Americana.
炮手来自密歇根，雷达员来自俄克拉荷马州 The gunner was from Michigan, radarman from Oklahoma.
你好奇这些孩子都是从哪里来的 You wonder where these kids are all coming from.
有一天，我们来到这个跑道 One day, we came out to this ramp,
那有一架崭新的银色B-29 and out there was a brand-new, silver B-29.
多美的东西啊！ What a beautiful thing!
这就是我们要载着漂洋过海的 That was going to be ours to take overseas.
我们很兴奋 We were so excited.
他们第一次不受训练规程约束而飞行 For the first time, they are flying untethered from a training script,
不受上级监督 unsupervised by superiors.
哈洛伦今年21岁 Halloran is 21 years old.
我们是单独飞的 We were going alone.
天气晴朗 It was crystal clear.
我们爬升到2万英尺，向西移动 We climbed to about 20,000 feet, moving west.
他们飞过家乡熟悉的风景 They fly over the familiar landscape of home,
走向一场遥远而抽象的战争 heading toward a distant, abstract war,
在太阳落山的某个方向 somewhere in the direction of the setting sun.
一时间很少有人说话 There was very little said for a while.
然后我们越过了太平洋 Then we got out over the Pacific.
飞机里一点声音也没有——鸦雀无声 There wasn't a sound in the plane -- nothing.
没人说话 Nobody said a thing.
我有种明确的感觉，我要把一切都抛在脑后 I had a definite feeling that I'm leaving everything behind --
我的父母 my mother and father,
还有我的训练 and my training --
我要上战场了 and I am going into combat.
我想在那个晚上，那个时刻，在那个高度 I think on that evening, at that time, at that altitude,
我从少年变为了成年 I converted from youth to manhood.
我可以做成人的工作 I could do the job of a man.
柯蒂斯·勒梅将军也在去往马里亚纳的路上 Also on the way to the Marianas is General Curtis LeMay.
这些是他战时的私家录像，以前从未公布过 These are his home movies from the war, which have never been broadcast before.
他从印度过来，他的轰炸小组 He's arriving from India, where his bombing group
很难从这么远的距离打击日本 had trouble striking Japan from such a distance.
他希望马里亚纳能改变B-29的等式 He hopes the Marianas will change the B-29 equation --
——如果他能把他的手下训练好 if he can whip his men into shape.
我们的机组人员没受过训练 We had crews that weren't trained,
我们的装备也不是很整齐 and we had outfits that weren't organized.
一切都不对 Everything was wrong.
当勒梅来到他的新总部时 As he comes in for a landing at his new headquarters,
他的名声已经在当地传开了 LeMay's reputation is already circulating on the ground.
我们叫他“老铁裤”，因为他是个硬汉 We called him "Old Iron Pants" because he was a tough cookie.
他是美国空军的乔治·巴顿 He was the George Patton of the Air Force.
1944年冬天，数百架全新的B-29轰炸机 In the winter of 1944, hundreds of brand new B-29s
如巨型候鸟般开始涌入马里亚纳 begin streaming into the Marianas like giant migratory birds.
我们只有6周时间把B-29轰炸机转移到马里亚纳的基地 We had just six weeks to move the B-29s to bases in the Marianas,
试航几次，然后展开一项行动 fly a few shakedown flights, and launch an operation.
美国的空中力量在中太平洋地区如暴风云般积聚 American air power is building up like a storm cloud in the Central Pacific.
日本只能猜测它什么时候会在头上打雷 Japan can only guess when it will thunder overhead.
日本很慌乱 Japan is rattled.
美国人正在危险地逼近 Americans are encroaching dangerously close.
一部日本影片展示了一堂地理课变成了一个可怕的警告 A Japanese film shows a geography lesson turning into a dire warning.
老师找到了马里亚纳群岛 The teacher pinpoints the Marianas
并画了一条包含东京在内的弧线 and draws an arc that includes Tokyo.
空袭演习预示着一个紧张的新现实 Air raid drills signal a tense new reality.
在公开场合，一位海军上将谨慎地描述了这次失败 In public, one admiral describes the defeat in measured language.
我们在塞班岛的驻军奋力作战 Our garrison on Saipan fought bravely.
他们都英勇牺牲了 All of them died a heroic death.
私下里，另一位海军上将更加直言不讳地说 In private, another admiral is more blunt, saying simply:
“地狱就在我们身边” "Hell is upon us."
炸弹被运送到塞班岛的B-29超级堡垒上 Bombs are wheeled up to a B-29 Superfortress on Saipan Island.
这仅仅是个开始 It is only the beginning
这些强大的轰炸机正在准备两年半以来 as these mighty bombers prepare for the first raid on Tokyo
对东京的首次空袭 in two and a half years.
美国新闻影片把B-29描绘成救世主 American newsreels paint the B-29 as a savior.
但它几乎无法升空 But it can barely soar.
它们载着1万磅炸弹努力起飞 They labor to take off with 10,000 pounds of bombs.
这架几乎冲出了跑道 This one almost runs off the runway.
当他们拉起B-29轰炸机时 When they picked up that B-29,
你几乎可以看到它在尖叫 you could almost see it screaming.
1945年1月，B-29轰炸机开始袭击日本 In January of 1945, B-29s begin raids on Japan.
整个跳岛战术的理论现在将要接受检验 The entire rationale for island hopping will now be put to the test.
在途中，机组人员检查了他们的目标… En route, crews review their targets ...
他们对其知之甚少 what little they know about them.
我们真的对日本一无所知 We didn't really know anything about Japan.
我们没有任何秘密特工到处给我们发送情报 We didn't have any secret agents creeping around sending us information.
但在25000英尺的高空，一个更大的问题出现了 But an even bigger problem looms at 25,000 feet --
风，大风 a roaring tailwind.
我们以每小时500英里的速度掠过东京 We were scooting across Tokyo at 500 miles an hour.
炸弹落在狂风中，像羽毛一样散开 Bombs drop into this lashing wind --and scatter like feathers.
我们不仅没有击中目标 We not only missed the target --
我都不确定我们是否击中了东京 I'm not even sure we hit Tokyo.
美国人尝试在风中执行任务 Americans try flying the missions into the wind.
有一天，一架飞机尝试过 One plane tried that one day
但发现他们每小时要倒退3英里 and they found out they were going three miles an hour backwards.
B-29是为了从高空安全轰炸而制造的 The B-29 was built to bomb from the safety of high altitude.
没人想到它的炸弹会无效地溅到海里 No one imagined its payload splashing harmlessly into the sea.
回到塞班岛 Heading back to Saipan,
超级堡垒第一个东京上空的任务成功了 the first Superfortress mission over Tokyo is a success.
柯蒂斯·勒梅知道事实并非如此 Curt LeMay knows it really isn't.
B-29仍然没有落实它所要达到的致命一击 The B-29 still isn't landing the knockout punch it was made for.
在关岛，这架飞机甚至都没能冲出跑道 In Guam, this one doesn't even make it off the runway.
勒梅将军亲自拍摄了残骸 General LeMay films the wreckage himself,
他能从各个方面感受到这种焦热 and he can feel the heat -- in every way.
他们说，如果得不到成果，你将会被解职 They said if you don't get results, you'll be fired.
如果你不能取得成果 If you don't get results,
这将意味着要大规模两栖登陆日本 it'll mean a mass amphibious invasion of Japan.
改善结果的一个方法 One way to improve results
就是防止更多的B-29在半途坠毁 is to keep more B-29s from crashing along the way.
美军要在马里亚纳群岛和日本之间 Americans look for a place to land a broken B-29
找个地方来降落受损的B-29 between the Marianas and Japan.
只有一个选择，硫磺岛 There's only one choice. Iwo Jima.
刚从堪萨斯来的雷蒙德·哈洛伦机组 Raymond Halloran's crew, fresh from Kansas,
接到了第一个作战命令 gets its very first combat orders.
任务是去650英里以外的硫磺岛 The mission was to go to Iwo Jima, 650 miles away,
炸毁跑道 to bomb the runway.
到现在为止，陆军航空兵 By now, the Army Air Force
正在想尽一切办法证明B-29的价值 is trying to prove the value of the B-29 any way it can.
空军想介入并浸透硫磺岛的每一寸土地 The Air Force wanted to come in and saturate every square inch of Iwo Jima,
因为那里没有平民 because there were no civilians.
然后我们要做的就是在沙滩上漫步 Then all we'd have to do is walk on the beach,
挂起国旗，埋葬死了的日本人 put up the flag, and bury dead Japanese.
从上空看，这个岛看起来死气沉沉 From above, the island looks lifeless.
哈洛伦很快发现事实并非如此 Halloran quickly finds out otherwise.
他们展开防空火力 They opened up with anti-aircraft fire.
日本的录像显示，枪口直指来袭的轰炸机 Japanese footage reveals guns aiming straight up at the incoming bombers.
我不知道他们会对我们开枪 I didn't know they were going to be shooting at us.
我们回来的时候，飞机上有几个小洞 We had a few little holes in our plane when we came back.
我们为此感到很自豪，这证明我们参加了战斗 How proud we were of that. It proved we were in combat.
哈洛伦机组在硫磺岛的损伤不大 Halloran's crew gets a little nicked up over Iwo Jima.
美军希望地面入侵也同样无碍 Americans hope the ground invasion is just as harmless.
1945年2月19日
几个世纪以来，摺钵山一直是个没有价值的荒岛 For centuries, Mount Suribachi crowned a barren island of little value.
但在1945年，两国军队都非常想要它 But in 1945, two armies want it badly.
日本用它来攻击飞过头顶的B-29轰炸机 Japan is using it to attack B-29s passing overhead.
美国将其视为紧急着陆跑道 America sees it as an emergency landing strip.
他们现在都将把它当作屠宰场 They will both now use it as a slaughterhouse.
就在我们要离船的时候，我去了甲板上 I went topside just about the time we were leaving,
我看到了那个石头山 and I saw that rock.
这是我一生中见过的最荒凉的土地 It was the most desolate looking piece of real estate I ever saw in my life.
当登陆艇盘旋着等待信号时 As landing craft circle waiting for the signal,
美军害怕敌人会以火攻还击 Americans fear the enemy will fight back with fire --
——在海滩上引爆油桶炸弹 and explode barrel bombs of fuel on the beach.
海军陆战队员在脸上涂了白色防闪光霜防止烧伤 Marines smear their faces with white anti-flash cream to guard against burns.
上午9:02，第一批部队冲上沙滩 At 9:02 a.m., the first wave hits the sand.
大家都出来，快点 Everybody out. Move, move, move.
海滩陡峭且松软 The beach is steep and loose.
他们在细小的火山灰中挣扎 They struggle in the fine volcanic ash.
但抵抗很微弱 But resistance is light.
没有桶装炸弹 There are no barrel bombs of fuel.
但随着更多批部队涌上海岸 But as more waves come ashore,
更多的人和机器被困在沙子里 more men and machines get stuck in the sand.
走在几乎没到膝盖的泥沙里 You were walking in mush almost up to your knees.
这是一场挣扎 It was a struggle.
很快，海滩上的人群达到了临界数量 Soon, the crowd on the beach reaches critical mass.
日军就在那时开火了 That's when the Japanese open up.
我从散兵坑里往上看 I could look up from my foxhole
有二三十枚炮弹在空中 and it was just 20, 30 mortars in the air at a time.
早晨9:20，震耳欲聋的巨响不断发出 By 9:20 a.m., it's an unceasing, ear-splitting barrage.
海滩上没有日本人 No Japanese are on the beach itself.
大多数都在摺钵山上盘踞 Most are entrenched on Mount Suribachi.
山内是迷宫般的隧道和巨大的碉堡 Inside the mountain is a maze of tunnels and monster pillboxes
墙壁厚达四英尺 with walls up to four feet thick.
日本人可以用弹药把整个海滩都打烂 The Japanese can pummel the entire beach with lead.
陆战队员被困在离他们登陆点几码的地方 Marines are trapped within yards of where they landed.
除了入地，没有别的地方可去 There's no place to go except down.
我们决定清理一个防弹坑 We decided we'd clean out a shell hole
再挖深一点，找个藏身之处 and make it a little deeper for a shelter.
我们在下面撞上了什么东西 And we hit something down there.
我们发现它的时候，是一个海军陆战队员 When we uncovered it, it was a Marine.
尸体被掩埋…… Bodies are buried ...
被困住… trapped ...
和撕裂 and torn apart.
摺钵山就像一个狩猎点，美军很容易上当受骗 Suribachi is like a hunting stand, and Americans are easy prey.
炮火一直持续到深夜 The barrage continues into the night.
日军击中了堆放在海滩上的美军弹药库 Here, the Japanese score a hit on an American ammo dump on the beach.
四周都是子弹和各种弹药的爆炸声 It was bullets and all kinds of ammunition exploding all around.
就像中国的烟花 It was like Chinese fireworks.
硫磺岛上的第一天在着火的海滩和物资的湮灭中结束了 The first day on Iwo Jima ends with the beach on fire and supplies going up in smoke.
美国人决心在第二天扭转局势——攀登摺钵山 Americans resolve to turn the tide the next day -- by scaling Suribachi.
1945年2月20日
对摺钵山的进攻从空中和海上开始了 The assault on Mount Suribachi begins by punching it from the air and sea.
美国人让沉睡的火山似乎又活了过来 Americans make the dormant volcano seem alive again.
然后，陆战队员开始往上爬去 Then, Marines start to climb up.
很快，鲜血流了下来 Soon, blood starts to flow down.
一支由坦克支撑的部队撑了6个小时 One unit supported by tanks pushes up for six hours,
只推进了200码，162人伤亡 advances only 200 yards, and tallies 162 dead and wounded.
像往常一样，美军很少见到日本人 As usual, Americans rarely see the Japanese.
所以他们把火注入每个洞里 So they pour fire into every hole.
经过四天残酷的战斗，少数海军陆战队员到达山顶 After four days of relentless fighting, a handful of Marines get to the top.
他们在日本的旧管子上绑上一面小旗子 They plant a small flag tied to some old Japanese pipe.
几个小时后，一面更大的旗帜升起 A few hours later, a larger flag goes up.
吉尔博托·门德斯可以从他的运兵船上看到 Gilberto Mendez can see it from his troop ship,
他情绪激动起来 and his emotions go into overdrive.
他即将上岸加入战斗 He's about to come ashore to join the fight.
我的心跳每分钟一千次 My heart was beating a thousand times a minute.
皮肤就像鸡皮一样 My skin was like chicken skin.
我失去了恐惧 I lost my fear.
如果他们可以做到，我也能 If those guys made it, I could.
但这种感觉是假的 But it was false, that feeling,
因为好事还没开始呢 because the good stuff hadn't started yet.
这是战前在马尼拉的私家录像 This is home movie footage of pre-war Manila.
作为美国领土的首都，它充满了美国风格 As the capital of a U.S. territory, it's infused with American style --
从西式服装… from western clothes ...
到浮华的霓虹灯 to neon glitz.
但是当盟军把它从日本人的手中夺回时 But when the Allies return to wrestle it back from the Japanese,
这是一个不同的城市 it's a different city.
现在已是满目疮痍 Now ashen and hollow,
在太平洋战争最大的城市战役中被炸毁的景象 it's the bombed-out backdrop for the biggest urban battle of the Pacific War.
麦克阿瑟禁止空袭，以保护平民 MacArthur prohibits air strikes, trying to spare civilians.
这就需要街头游击战 It takes street-by-street guerrilla warfare.
美国坦克开进菲律宾大学 American tanks roll into the University of the Philippines.
校园被包围了 The campus is under siege.
在这里，大学礼堂变成了一个炮巢 Here, University Hall becomes a gun nest.
日军的步枪从顶楼射来 Japanese rifles crack from the top floor.
盟军开始反击，把殖民地的外墙打掉一大块 Allies fire back, taking chunks out of the colonial facade.
太平洋战争正在把马尼拉化为灰烬 The Pacific War is turning Manila to dust.
最后，城市安静了下来 Finally, the city goes quiet.
平民处于求生状态 Civilians are in survival mode.
美国战俘两年多以来第一次尝到了自由的滋味 American POWs enjoy their first taste of freedom in more than two years.
跪在这具尸体旁的是军人丹·罗克林 Kneeling over this body is serviceman Dan Rocklin.
他拍摄了现在遍布马尼拉的恐怖景象 He films the horrors that now litter Manila.
但他也捕捉到菲律宾人追求正常生活的画面 But he also captures Filipinos striving for normalcy.
罗克林的影片之前从未播出过 Rocklin's film has never been broadcast before.
他的影片显示了盛开的希望 His footage reveals a blossoming hope --
战争的风暴终于要过去了 that the storm of war may finally be passing.
1945年2月25日
硫磺岛战役已进行了将近一周 Almost a week into the battle for Iwo Jima ...
…新的部队上岸增援被消耗殆尽的部队 ... fresh troops come ashore to reinforce depleted units.
作为替补，我们是无名小卒 As replacements, we were a nobody group.
哪里需要我们就去哪 We went wherever we were needed.
我一个人都不认识 I didn't know anybody.
但是吉尔伯托·门德斯在匆忙中了解了硫磺岛 But Gilberto Mendez gets to know Iwo Jima in a hurry.
我登陆的第一天就尿了裤子，因为 The first days I was on the ground, I urinated in my pants because
我以为如果把枪放下小便，我就会被杀 I thought if I dropped my rifle to pee I would be killed.
在摺钵山上飘扬的旗帜一直是硫磺岛的象征 The flag already flying on Mount Suribachi is the enduring symbol of Iwo Jima.
但海军陆战队必须在北部取得胜利 But the north is the where Marines have to win it.
日军已经放弃了万岁冲锋和代价高昂的反击 The Japanese have abandoned Banzai charges and costly counterattacks.
现在他们只是等待伏击前进的美国人 Now they simply wait to ambush advancing Americans.
包括吉尔伯托·门德斯 Including Gilberto Mendez.
我看到闪闪发光的东西 I saw something shine.
那是一把日本军官的刀 It was a Japanese officer's sword,
他带着他的人走出一个山洞 and he was leading his men out of a cave.
子弹横飞 The bullets were flying.
当我瞄准了他的脖子 When I saw below his neck,
扣动扳机，接连开枪 I pulled the trigger, one shot after another.
他们在他身上发现了13个洞 They found thirteen holes in his body.
我把他打烂了 I made hamburger out of him.
越来越多的尸体散落在火山地貌上 More and more bodies litter the volcanic landscape.
在日语中，Iwo Jima的意思是“硫磺岛” In Japanese, Iwo Jima means "sulfur island."
蒸汽闻起来像臭鸡蛋的味道 The steam smells like rotten eggs.
新挖的散兵坑太热了，进不去 Freshly dug foxholes are too hot to get into.
你没法在一个地方待到15分钟 You couldn't stay 15 minutes in one place
因为靴子会太热 because your boots would get too hot.
一名海军陆战队员甚至试穿了 一个死去的日本士兵的靴子 One Marine even tries on the boots of a dead Japanese soldier,
希望能防止他的脚烧着 hoping they might keep his feet from burning.
战斗焦灼 Combat is close.
激烈 Fiery.
精疲力尽 And exhausting.
作战两周后，近一万名受伤的美国人已被疏散 Two weeks into the battle, nearly 10,000 American wounded have been evacuated.
包括头部受伤的吉尔伯托·门德斯 Including Gilberto Mendez, with a head injury.
一声爆炸把我轰飞起来，又撞回了地面 An explosion picked me up and I hit the ground again,
耳朵里一片可怕的嗡嗡声 with a terrible ringing in my ear.
我被自己的舌头噎住了 I was choking on my own tongue.
一个医护兵想把我的舌头拔出来 A corpsman tried to pull my tongue out
用一个大的安全别针扎进去 by piercing it with a big safety pin.
在帐篷医疗站里 Under tents and inside hospital ships,
医生和护士都在处理无法描述的伤势 doctors and nurses tend to injuries beyond description.
还有一些无法恢复 And some beyond repair.
但很快，所有这些屠杀的理由就显现出来了 But soon, the reason for all this carnage comes into view.
那些飞机弹孔累累地返回 Those planes were coming back shot full of holes,
把一切都撕成碎片 and tore all to pieces.
3月4日，第一架B-29轰炸机迫降着陆 On March 4th, the first B-29 comes in for a forced landing.
为了突袭日本，还有数百架将涌向硫磺岛 Hundreds more will sputter into Iwo Jima from raids in Japan.
这架损伤得连跑道都上不了 This one is so crippled it can't even make the runway.
但机组成员幸免于难 But the crew will be spared.
即使有硫磺岛做救生筏，B-29的突袭日本计划还是失败了 Even with Iwo Jima as a life raft, B-29 raids into Japan are failing.
整个策略计划仍然不奏效 The overall game plan still isn't working.
所以柯蒂斯·勒梅改变了规则 So Curtis LeMay changes the rules.
我们不可能用高空精确轰炸打败日本 We weren't going to be able to defeat Japan using high altitude precision bombing.
我不得不做些激进的事 I had to do something radical.
现在整个跳岛作战的前提都要靠柯特·勒梅的指挥 The entire premise of island hopping now rests on Curt LeMay's command.
所以他设计了一个截然不同的任务 So he designs a drastically different kind of mission.
大卫·布莱登还记得那次简报 David Braden remembers the briefing.
我们要飞到5000英尺的高空 We were going to fly in at 5,000 feet --
发动突然袭击，可能在午夜前后 a surprise attack, probably around midnight.
勒梅认为低空飞行可以解决大风和致盲云层的问题 LeMay thinks going in low will solve the problem of high winds and blinding clouds.
但这并不是唯一的改变 But that's not the only change.
我们将携带10吨燃烧弹 We were to carry 10 tons of incendiary bombs.
到目前为止，美国使用凝固汽油弹只是针对特定目标 Until now, America's use of napalm has been specific to a target --
一个洞穴，或者丛林里的藏身处 a cave, or a jungle hideout.
现在，勒梅有了更大的想法 Now, LeMay has something bigger in mind.
东京将是我们的目标 Tokyo would be our target.
主要目标 The primary target.
次要目标 The secondary target.
也是唯一的目标 And the only target.
1945年3月9-10日
325架B-29轰炸机在下午起飞 Three hundred and twenty-five B-29s take off in the afternoon skies --
是以前单次袭击出动数量的两倍 double the number ever used in a single raid before.
他们在夜间熄灯，成群飞行 They fly in groups, at night, lights off.
在低空飞行时，又大又慢的飞机很容易成为目标 Flying in low, the big slow planes could be easy targets.
飞行员们担心他们在执行自杀任务 Crews fear they're on a suicide mission.
我们说,“我们要成为美国的神风敢死队 We were saying,"We are going to be the American kamikazes
他们会疯狂地把我们击落” and they are going to shoot us down like crazy."
然后，东京出现在下方 Then, Tokyo appears below.
300多万磅燃烧弹的第一批落入夜空 The first of more than three million pounds of firebombs drop into the night.
一场风暴开始了 A firestorm started.
大火的热浪带来的上升气流把飞机抛得满天飞 The updrafts from the heat of the fires threw the airplanes all over the sky.
这太吓人了 It was frightening.
你旁边就有一架飞机，但你根本不知道它在那 There'd be an aircraft right next to you and you didn't even know the guy was there.
空气中弥漫着灰烬 The air is swirling with ashes,
飞行员在5000英尺的高空都能闻到烧焦的肉味 and crews can smell burning flesh at 5,000 feet.
火风暴消耗了那么多氧气 The firestorm consumed so much oxygen
没有葬身火海的那些人会窒息而死 that those who did not die by the flames simply suffocated.
第二天早上，日本陷入了震惊 The next morning, Japan is in shock.
就像东京从世界的版图上掉下来一样 It was as though Tokyo had dropped through the floor of the world
并且进入了地狱之口 and into the mouth of hell.
东京市中心16平方英里的土地化为灰烬 Sixteen square miles of central Tokyo are in ashes.
估计有10万人丧生，其中大部分是平民 An estimated 100,000 are killed -- mostly civilians.
这是太平洋战争中最致命的一天 It's the single deadliest day of the Pacific War.
两颗原子弹都没有在落下的那天杀死这么多人 Neither atomic bomb will kill this many on the day it drops.
对于勒梅来说，这是绝对的成功 To LeMay, it's an unqualified success.
他制定了向其他城市投放燃烧弹的计划 He draws up plans to firebomb other cities,
好让日本屈服，并迫使其投降 bring Japan to its knees, and force surrender.
我们已经储备了足够的燃烧弹，足以在东京空袭之后 We had stockpiled enough incendiaries to follow the Tokyo raid
对日本所有的主要城市地区进行轰炸 with just about all the major urban areas in Japan.
对于勒梅来说，火攻才刚刚开始 For LeMay, the fire is only starting.
3月底，硫磺岛终于被美国控制 By late March, Iwo Jima is finally under American control.
物资的投放将有助于把这贫瘠的石岛 Supplies drop down that will help turn this arid rock
变成一个成熟的军事基地 into a full-fledged military base.
日军在数月之中仍不断地从地下世界涌出 Japanese troops will keep pouring out of this underworld for months.
他们也精疲力竭，但不愿放弃 They too are exhausted, but unwilling to quit.
这里，美军解放了在日本人枪口下辛苦劳作的韩国人 Here, Americans liberate Koreans who had been toiling at Japanese gunpoint.
他们说日本人还在里面，不会投降 They report Japanese are still inside, and won't surrender.
一旦所有的韩国人都出来了 Once all the Koreans are out,
一个爆破小组封闭了洞穴 a demolition team seals the cave shut.
硫磺岛现在是一个坟墓岛 Iwo Jima is now an island of tombs.
大约2万日本人和7000美国人死亡 Some 20,000 Japanese and 7,000 Americans are dead.
我们被告知整个行动只需要三到四天 We were told the whole operation would take only three to four days.
结果是36天纯粹的地狱 It turned out to be 36 days of pure hell.
日本可以感受到来自各方面的压力 Japan can sense the pressure coming from all fronts.
海上的船只 Ships from the sea.
陆上的部队 Boots on the ground.
和天降的火焰 And fire from the sky.
日本帝国正处于崩溃的边缘 The Japanese Empire is on the verge of collapse,
但是没有投降的迹象 but there is no sign of surrender.
美军在入侵日本本土之前，还有一个岛屿要拿下 Americans have one more island to take before invading Japan itself.
贝利琉和硫磺岛的幸存者，正在去往冲绳的路上 Survivors of Peleliu and Iwo Jima are on their way -- to Okinawa.
别问他们哪个更糟 Don't ask them which one is worse.
我回答不了这个问题 I can't answer that.
地狱和地狱该怎么比较？ How do you compare hell to hell?